fasts and vrats
What foods are specifically forbidden during Ekadashi fasting and why?
What is forbidden and why
The main foods avoided on Ekadashi are grains: rice, wheat, barley, lentils, and beans. According to the Padma Purana, Vishnu is said to reside in grains on this day, so they are set aside as a mark of respect and devotion. Some households also avoid onion and garlic, and salt made from rock salt is preferred over sea salt. The reason given is spiritual—the fast is meant to honor Vishnu and to keep the body and mind light and pure on this day.
What is allowed
Many foods are permitted. Fruits of all kinds, milk, yogurt, and ghee are common. Sendha namak, or rock salt, is used instead of regular salt. Sama rice, which is not a true grain, is eaten by some. Sabudana, made from tapioca, is also allowed. Potatoes, sweet potatoes, and other root vegetables are eaten in many households. Nuts, seeds, and honey are fine. The idea is to eat simply and lightly, not to go hungry.
How it works in practice
The rules vary by region, family, and sect. Some people keep a strict fast with only milk and fruit. Others eat a simple meal of potatoes and milk. Some avoid all salt; others use rock salt freely. In cities and abroad, people sometimes use sama rice or sabudana flour to make bread-like foods that feel more like a meal. Young children, the elderly, and people who are ill often follow a gentler version or skip the fast altogether. Many families see Ekadashi as a day to eat simply and spend time in prayer or reflection, rather than as a test of strict rules.